linux磁盘配额
以 / 分区为例）
1、编辑fstab
     #vi /etc/fstab
     选择分区，将defaults选项改为：“defaults,usrquota,grpquota”（针对用户和组做磁盘配额）或“defaults,usrquota"（针对用户做磁盘配额 ）或"defaults,grpquota"（针对组做磁盘配额）
2、重新挂载文件系统：
     #mount  -o  remount  /
3、创建配额文件
    #quotacheck -cmug /   (此处为对根目录做磁盘配额）
    ls /aquota.*    (查看刚建立的配额文件）
    /aquota.group   /aquota.user
4、创建帐户
     #useradd zhangsan
     #passwd zhangsan
5.logout注销root，用zhangsan登陆
此举是用普通用户登陆，用户在登陆时产生的模板要占用一些空间，看到这些，然后再设置配额比较好
然后logout     zhangsan,用root登陆  对用户进行配额
6、配额设置
    #edquota -u zhangsan   (-u，对用户；-g，对组）
      Disk quotas for user zhangsan (uid 501):
      Filesystem     blocks    soft    hard  inodes    soft    hard
      /dev/sda3        0           0          0        0          0        0
     （其中：blocks，已用磁盘空间；soft，磁盘空间软限制，hard：磁盘空间硬限制；
        inodes： 已写多少个文件；soft：磁盘文件数量软限制；hard：磁盘文件数量硬限制）
   
      #edquota -t    (编辑配额宽限时间，默认7days )
7.开启quota
quotaon -avug  开启
quotaoff  -avug  关闭    

8查看磁盘配额情况
    #quota -u zhangsan

彻底删除用户  userdel -r  用户名

重启时启动quota
vi  /etc/rc.d/rc.local
里面最后一行添上
/sbin/quota  -aug  
注意：windows的磁盘配额只针对用户，而且是容量上的
         Linux的磁盘配额不但针对用户，还能针对组来做。同时，不但可以做容量上的限制，也能做文件数量上的限制。
查看新硬盘
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14          78      522112+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3              79        1044     7759395   83  Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
把第一块新硬盘 转化为pv
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created
查看PV
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
  /dev/hdc: open failed: No medium found
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb
  VG Name
  PV Size               20.00 GB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size (KByte)       0
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               iC7CD3-J1qd-Lz2c-Cri6-t5Vo-uQZf-KfMhZF
创建一个名为NEWGV的GV
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate newvg /dev/sdb
  Volume group "newvg" successfully created
创建一个名字为home的逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 19g –n home newvg
  Logical volume "home”ated
格式化home的逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/newvg/home
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
2490368 inodes, 4980736 blocks
249036 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=0
152 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
挂载home分区到/mnt下
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/newvg/home /mnt/
开机自动挂载并检查
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1
LABEL=/boot             /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda2         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/newvg/home         /home                   ext3    defaults,usrquota,grpquota      0 1
~
~
~
:wq
保持权限复制/home 下的文件到 新的分区
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /home/* /mnt/
删除/home 下所有文件
[root@localhost mnt]# rm -rf /home/*
重新挂载
[root@localhost home]# umount /mnt/
[root@localhost home]# mount /dev/newvg/home  /home/
重新挂载开启磁盘配额
[root@localhost home]# mount -o uerquota,grpquota,remount /dev/newvg/home
mount: /home not mounted already, or bad option
开启磁盘配额
[root@localhost home]#mount –o usrquota,grpquota /dev/newvg/home
重新生成配额文件
[root@localhost home]# quotacheck -cuvg /home
quotacheck: Scanning /dev/mapper/newvg-home [/home] quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file: No such file or directory
quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file: No such file or directory
done
quotacheck: Checked 4 directories and 6 files
quotacheck: Old file not found.
[root@localhost home]# ls -l
total 36
-rw------- 1 root   root    7168 Feb 21 02:02 aquota.group
-rw------- 1 root   root    7168 Feb 21 02:02 aquota.user
drwx------ 2 root   root   16384 Feb 21 01:28 lost+found
drwx------ 2 redhat redhat  4096 Aug 17  2008 redhat
创建用户并设置密码
[root@localhost home]# useradd yueyang
[root@localhost home]# passwd yueyang
Changing password for user yueyang.
New UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
设置对用户yueyang的配额
[root@localhost home]# edquota -u yueyang
Disk quotas for user yueyang (uid 501):
  Filesystem                   blocks       soft       hard     inodes     soft     hard
  /dev/mapper/newvg-home            0       4000000     5000000          0    40000  50000
~
~
~
~
~：wq
将第二块磁盘转化为pv
[root@localhost home]# pvcreate /dev/sdc
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created
将新硬盘添加到newvg这个vg里
[root@localhost home]# vgextend newvg /dev/sdc
  Volume group "newvg" successfully extended
添加/home逻辑卷的大小
[root@localhost home]# lvextend -L +10g /dev/newvg/home
  Extending logical volume home to 29.00 GB
  Logical volume home successfully resized
在线更新逻辑卷大小
[root@localhost home]# resize2fs /dev/newvg/home
resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem at /dev/newvg/home is mounted /home; -line resizing required
Performing an -line resize of /dev/newvg/home to 7602176 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem /dev/newvg/home is now 7602176 blocks long.
查看
[root@localhost home]# df -h /home/
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted
/dev/mapper/newvg-home
                       29G  173M   27G   1% /home
你是不是想在跟分区做配额？这样是可以的。
首先，你要修改你的/etc/fstab文件：
LA